Code, 707, 707.1.) fn. He worked for high-tech firms and a medical equipment company until his wife got pregnant by a fellow gang member, and then his life nose-dived into depression, drugs and violence. 17 August 2020. The men returned to the station wagon and traveled to Villarreal's residence. The court gave comprehensive instructions on the law of conspiracy. (CALJIC No. 24 Outside of jurors' presence, trial counsel for Dominguez claimed that introduction of the tapes would violate Dominguez' privacy rights and infringe upon his client's confrontation rights. By foot, the three men attempted to obtain more ammunition from Dominguez' uncle, who had a residence near the area of the shooting. App. den. Rptr. She also carried information to superiors [121 Cal. Gavin Newsom signed an executive order to impose a moratorium on the death penalty in California. His partners in crime, 66-year-old James Trujeque and 53-year-old Bobby Lopez Jr., were also sentenced to death that year for a series of gang-related murders in the San Jose area. 533].) "They profess such loyalty to the gang, such life-and-death devotion, they never thought their leaders would turn them in. 3d 176 [113 Cal. The trial court denied defense counsel's oral motion to exclude references to the "probation" or "parole" officer. Gang Questions, Info & News - West Coast - U.S.A. Gang Questions, Info & News - East Coast - U.S.A. Gang Questions, Info & News - Mid West - U.S.A. Gang Questions, Info & News - South - U.S.A. Gang Questions, Info & News - General - U.S.A. International Street Gangs & Organized Crime, Middle East / South East / Far East - Asia, Mexico, Central America, South America & the Caribbean, Canada street gangs & US Organized Crime, Past Figures, The Infamous & Legends of the Game, Prevention, Intervention, Education and Awareness, Open Section for Other Random Topics & Controverisal issues, http://www.geocities.com/jiggy2000_us/f eline.html. DPIC Page: Conditions on Death Row He makes two subsidiary contentions in this regard: (1) introduction of the taped statements violated Dominguez' state constitutional right to privacy, and (2) admission of the conversations violated his rights to confront and cross-examine witnesses. Hernandez testified that Dominguez and Castro returned with a .38 handgun and cartridges. They were unsuccessful in this attempt. . He initially showed that Officer Parker, one of the responding policemen, identified one named Freddie Fuentes as the person who exited the right front portion of the station wagon after it slid out of control. fn. [15] The gang's main sources of income are distributing cocaine, heroin, marijuana, and methamphetamine within prison systems as well as in the community and extorting drug distributors on the streets. On October 9, 1977, Hernandez was released from state prison and directed by the prison's Nuestra Familia lieutenant to make contact with certain individuals in Bakersfield. Both the Familia and the Structure claim the color red, the number 14, the symbol of the Northern Star. The View co-host shared an Instagram post paying tribute to her mom and being grateful for the time she spent with her . Since 1978, when California reinstated capital punishment, 79 condemned inmates have died of natural causes, 24 have committed suicide, 15 have been executed, 11 have died of other causes and three including Serna are pending a cause of death, according to the CDCR. (People v. Guerrero (1976) 16 Cal. In our opinion, this argument fails to demonstrate how motive could have been proved without showing that the Nuestra Familia engaged in criminal and violent acts and that members were obligated to commit such acts under penalty of their own lives. We agree. ", Turncoat and quadruple murderer "Lucky" Shelton, for instance, has been referred to even by the prosecution as a "homicidal maniac.". The last time local prosecutors persuaded a jury to impose the death penalty was in 1997, when three Nuestra Familia gang members James "Huevo" Trujeque, Herminio "Spankio" Serna and Bobby. Code, 245, subd. App. In addition to the defendants, whose ankles are shackled to bolts in the courtroom floor, the cast includes seven defense lawyers -- two apiece for the death penalty defendants and one for Vargas; Kitty Constantinides and her husband and co- counsel, Deputy District Attorney Charles Constantinides; and four or five armed and watchful bailiffs. App. Since the privacy rights asserted here are personal to Dominguez and differ from the in rem nature of suppression proceedings (People v. Gale (1973) 9 Cal. (Accord People v. McFarland (1971) 17 Cal. [1b] Applying the above principles, we believe that the jurors could rationally infer that there was a "continuing" conspiracy when Castro made his statements to Hernandez. (California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation via AP), Connect with the definitive source for global and local news. "At one point, I really did believe in the Northern Structure and Nuestra Familia," Salazar said. 269]; cf. Hernandez was then put in contact with other individuals and made a trip to Fresno on October 13. fn. [9a] Castro then contends that it was an abuse of discretion to deny his motion for a mistrial because witness Cobos' testimony about statements made to her by appellant Dominguez substantially incriminated him. Accordingly, it was not erroneous for the superior court to deny Castro's section 995 motion. 45], citing People v. Woodberry (1970) 10 Cal. Herminio Serna, 53, was pronounced dead . 3d 501] of his association with the Nuestra Familia. Some of the victims had no close family or had destroyed their family ties through drug use and criminal activity. My daughter and my grandchildren didnt get a choice, so why should he? Chavezs mother, Dorothy Gutierrez, said. He added that Chavez never thought Paniagua would kill her, even though he had threatened to five years earlier. Location: 2700 N. Virginia Street ~ Reno, NV Telephone: 775-323-0133 Fax: 775-323-1229 Email: omos@CatholicCemeteryReno.org Gates and Mausoleum Buildings are open every day of the year (weather permitting) from 8:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. Castro also presented evidence showing that he was in custody at juvenile hall on October 16 and made an appearance at a court proceeding on October 25. The largest of the federal investigations was Operation Black Widow. Mundo and Sailor killed the Reyes brothers but got caught by the police trying to return to Los Angeles. In the 1980s, as the NF grew, it set up a farm team called the Northern Structure, or Nuestra Raza. Next, Hernandez, Dominguez and Castro each visited their respective mothers. But when youre in the Adjustment Center if you want to live amongst the population, you have to do as the population order or dictate that you do.. A pretty girl with lustrous brown hair, Sheila Apodaca had lived all her life in the tiny Central Valley town of San Lorenzo before she hooked up with Bobby Lopez and moved to San Jose. The Mexican Mafia, referred to as La Eme (the Spanish pronunciation for the letter M), is undisputedly at the top of the gang roster, with the most members, affiliates and turf in California. While the Mexican Mafia had initially been created to protect Mexicans in prison, there was a perceived level of abuse by members of La eMe towards the imprisoned chicanos from rural farming areas of Northern California. FN 9. Apparently, Forde and her accomplices thought Flores was a drug smuggler. FN 12. He was a witness to a murder at San Quentin and knew the Nuestra Familia . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In the instant case, evidence of the Nuestra Familia's criminal purposes was critically necessary to show why Dominguez was motivated to engage in the activities which led to Wolfie's death. The amount of testimony devoted to Dominguez' participation in gang activities made it unlikely that jurors found him "guilty by association.". ", Attorney Guerin Provini, who represents Bobby Lopez, chafes at the unfairness of cutting deals with the gang leaders, then using their testimony in seeking the death penalty against "the Munchkins. As the thief brazenly walked the yard in his stolen shoes, the victim and his Northern California friends rose up and fought. Nuestra Familia is a Mexican - American prison gang that was founded in Soledad prison, California in 1968. 3d 505]. After ascertaining that Chollo was not there, the men returned to the car and took Manuel home. All three men were convicted of conspiracy to commit murder, robbery, extortion and witness intimidation. Castro informed Hernandez that Castro's brother, Manuel, knew where they could locate Chollo Hernandez. No heroin, for instance, because it makes you lazy. We disagree. It didn't work. For years beforehand, he had terrorized his family, blackening girlfriend Leticia Chavezs eye and threatening to kill her, slapping 3-year-old AnaLisa in the face and belting 6-year-old Adrina. 330].) Cobos, a former message carrier for the Nuestra Familia, described her duties and revealed the names of the superiors to whom she reported. Rptr. The Epps court concluded that a defendant's statements which did not directly inculpate or refer to his codefendant were not substantially incriminating to the nondeclarant defendant in light of other evidence showing that the two men were acquainted with each other. The three men ran back to the car and sped away. 106] (subsequent to the arrest of one of the principal coconspirators); People v. Saling, supra, 7 Cal.3d at pp. Rptr. He was shot by Rico Garcia at a meeting with him in a hit ordered by the imprisoned NF leaders, and the assassination led the police to also police their prisons and not just the streets. Unlike most of his gang associates, Salazar had skills to make a living in Silicon Valley. Wolfie subsequently died; a post mortem examination showed that his death was caused by a .22 projectile which perforated his aorta. or take away the pain we feel inside, and it definitely doesnt stop us from missing my Comadre Letty and my nieces. According to mountains of court files and the gang members themselves, the much-vaunted "family" at the heart of Nuestra Familia is a profoundly dysfunctional one -- a soap opera tangle of duplicity, adultery, drugs and betrayal. (See Welf. [23] After months of investigation, at least 37 alleged gang members were arrested during the raids conducted.
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